ارزیابی کیفیت افشای پایداری و تاثیر آن بر عملکرد پایداری مبتنی بر تئوری مشروعیت

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری حسابداری، واحد تنکابن، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تنکابن، ایران

2 استادیار گروه حسابداری، واحد تنکابن، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تنکابن، ایران.

3 استادیار گروه حسابداری، واحد چالوس، دانشگاه ازاد اسلامی، چالوس، ایران

4 دانشیار گروه حسابداری، واحد چالوس، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، چالوس، ایران

چکیده

ارزیابی کیفیت افشای پایداری و تاثیر آن بر عملکرد پایداری مبتنی بر تئوری مشروعیت

چکیده
هدف از پژوهش حاضر، ارزیابی کیفیت افشای پایداری و تاثیر آن بر عملکرد پایداری می باشد. در این راستا، برای اندازه گیری افشای پایداری شرکت ها از تحلیل محتوی استفاده شده است. برای تجزیه و تحلیل محتوی از یک ابزارچک لیست متشکل از 34 مولفه و 104 شاخص برای توصیف معیارهای شناسایی افشا مورد استفاده قرار گرفت. نمونه پژوهش حاضر که به روش حذف سیستماتیک انتخاب شده اند شامل 130 شرکت پذیرفته شده در بورس اوراق بهادار تهران برای سال های 1391 تا 1397 می باشد. نوع پژوهش، کاربردی و روش پژوهش توصیفی- همبستگی است. برای تجزیه و تحلیل اطلاعات از نرم افزار اقتصاد سنجی ایویوز و از مدل رگرسیون خطی چند متغیره برای آزمون فرضیه ها استفاده شده است. نتایج آزمون فرضیه های پژوهش، نشان داد که بین کیفیت افشای پایداری، میزان افشای با کیفیت بالای پایداری و عملکرد پایداری رابطه مثبت و معنی داری وجود دارد، اما بین میزان افشای با کیفیت پایین پایداری و عملکرد پایداری رابطه منفی مشاهده نگردید. به عبارت دیگر، در بازار سرمایه ایران مولفه ها و شاخص های پیشنهادی مربوط به افشای پایداری از اهمیت بالایی برخوردار نبوده و به میزان کیفیت افشای پایداری توجه نمی کنند. لذا، شواهد به دست آمده در این پژوهش نشان داد کیفیت گزارشگری افشای پایداری در ایران نسبت به تحقیقات انجام شده خارجی پایین تر است.
واژه های کلیدی: کیفیت افشای پایداری، شاخص کیفیت افشای پایداری، عملکرد پایداری، تئوری مشروعیت، تحلیل محتوی

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluating the quality of sustainability disclosure and its impact on sustainability performance based on the theory of legitimacy

نویسندگان [English]

  • Gholamhossein Pourgholami Dafchahi 1
  • mahmood samadi largani 2
  • Razieh Alikhani 3
  • Mohamad Reza Pourali 4
1 Phd candidate of Accounting, Tonekabon Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tonekabon, Iran
2 Assistant Professor, Department of Accounting, Tonekabon Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tonekabon, Iran
3 Assistant Professor, Department of Accounting, Chalous Branch, Islamic Azad University, Chalous, Iran
4 Associate Professor, Department of Accounting, Chalous Branch, Islamic Azad University, Chalous, Iran
چکیده [English]

Evaluating the quality of sustainability disclosure and its impact on sustainability performance based on legitimacy theory

Abstract
The aim of this study is to evaluate the quality of sustainability disclosure and its impact on sustainability performance. In this regard, content analysis has been used to measure the sustainability disclosure of companies. In order to perform content analyze, a checklist tool consisting of 34 components and 104 indicators were used to describe the criteria for disclosure identification. The sample of the present study, which has been selected by systematic removal method, includes 130 companies listed on the Tehran Stock Exchange for the years 2012 to 2018. This applied research is of a descriptive-correlation type. To analyze the data, Eviews Econometrics Software and a multivariate linear regression model have been used to test the hypotheses. The research hypotheses test results showed that there is a positive and significant relationship between the quality of sustainability disclosure, amount of high quality sustainability disclosure and sustainability performance, but no negative relationship was observed between low quality sustainability disclosure and sustainability performance. In other words, in the Iranian capital market, the proposed components and indicators related to sustainability disclosure are not considered very important and attention is not paid to the quality of sustainability disclosure. Therefore, the evidence obtained in this study showed that the reporting quality of sustainability disclosure in Iran is lower than foreign research.

Keywords: Sustainability Disclosure Quality, Sustainability Disclosure Quality Index, Sustainability Performance, Legitimacy Theory, Content Analysis

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • "Sustainability Disclosure Quality"
  • "Sustainability Disclosure Quality Index"
  • "Sustainability Performance"
  • "Legitimacy Theory"
  • "Content Analysis"
  • آرین پور، آرش. (1397). مدل عملکرد پایدار کسب و کار در ایران. رساله دکتری رشته حسابداری. دانشکده مدیریت و حسابداری دانشگاه علامه طباطبائی.
  • بشیری منش، نازنین و رحمانی، علی. (1395). تدوین الگوی افشای اختیاری: ابزاری برای حسابداری مدیریت. فصلنامه علمی پژوهشی دانش حسابداری و حسابرسی مدیریت، سال پنجم، شماره 19، صص 27 تا 45.
  • جفایی رهنی، منیر. (1396). ارائه مدلی برای تبیین عوامل موثر بر گزارشگری زیست محیطی، اجتماعی و راهبری شرکت ها. رساله دکتری رشته حسابداری. دانشکده علوم اقتصادی و اداری دانشگاه مازندران.
  • حساس یگانه، یحیی، باباجانی، جعفر، تقوی فر، محمدتقی و آرین پور، آرش. (1397). مدل عملکرد پایدار کسب و کار در ایران. فصلنامه علمی پژوهشی دانش حسابداری و حسابرسی مدیریت، سال هفتم، شماره 27، صص 181 تا 203.
  • حساس یگانه، یحیی، باباجانی، جعفر، تقوی فر، محمدتقی و آرین پور، آرش. (1397). تحلیل عملکرد پایداری زیست محیطی و تاثیر آن بر هزینه سرمایه شرکت های پذیرفته شده در بورس اوراق بهادار تهران. دو فصلنامه حسابداری ارزشی و رفتاری، سال سوم، شماره پنجم، صص 1 تا 39.
  • خواجوی، شکرالله، علیزاده، وحید. (1393). بررسی اثرات سطح افشای داوطلبانه بر عدم تقارن اطلاعاتی در شرکت های پذیرفته شده در بورس اوراق بهادار تهران. فصلنامه دانش حسابداری و حسابرسی مدیریت. سال اول، شماره 2، ص 132- 115.
  • خوزین ، علی، طالب نیا، قدرت الله، گرکز، منصور، بنی مهد، بهمن. (1395). بررسی سطح توسعه گزارشگری مالی زیست محیطی شرکت های پذیرفته شده در بورس اوراق بهادار تهران. فصلنامه حسابداری سلامت، دوره 5، شماره 2، صص 28-46.
  • شاعری، علی محمد، رحمتی، علیرضا. (1391). قوانین، مقررات، ضوابط و استانداردهای محیط زیست انسانی. انتشارات سازمان حفاظت محیط زیست(چاپ اول). تهران: انتشارات حک. صص 1-332.
  • فخاری، حسین، ملکیان، اسفندیار و جفایی رهنی، منیر. (1396). تبیین و رتبه بندی مولفه ها و شاخص های گزارشگری زیست محیطی، اجتماعی و راهبری شرکتی به روش تحلیل سلسله مراتبی در شرکت های پذیرفته شده در بورس اوراق بهادار. دو فصلنامه حسابداری ارزشی و رفتاری، سال دوم، شماره چهارم، صص 153 تا 187.
  • قربانی، بهزاد، حسینی غنچه، سیدجلال الدین و محمدیلر، زهرا. (1396). تاثیر افشای اطلاعات استراتژیک، غیرمالی و مالی بر مدیریت سود. پژوهش های حسابداری مالی و حسابرسی، سال نهم، شماره 35، صص 23 تا 40.
  • مهدوی، غلامحسین، دریایی، عباسعلی، علی خانی، رضیه و مران جوری، مهدی. (1394). بررسی رابطه بین اندازه شرکت، نوع صنعت و سودآوری با افشای اطلاعات حسابداری زیست محیطی و اجتماعی. پژوهش های تجربی حسابداری، سال چهارم، شماره 15، صص 87 تا 103.
  • Ahi, P., Searcy, C., & Jaber, M. (2018). A Quantitative Approach for Assessing Sustainability Performance of Corporation. Journal of Ecological Economics. pp. 336-343.
  • Al-Tuwaijri, S.A., Christensen, T.E., Hughes, K.E. (2004). The relations among environmental disclosure, environmental performance, and economic performance: a simultaneous equations approach. Account. Organ. Soc. 29 (5–6), 447–471.
  • Athanasakou, V., and Hussainey, K. (2014). The perceived credibility of forward-looking performance disclosures. Accounting and business research 44(3): 227-259.
  • Bamber, L. S., Jiang, J., & Wang, I. Y. (2010). Whats my style? The influence of top managers on voluntary corporare financial disclosure. The Accounting Review, 85(4), 1131-1162.
  • Barth, M.E., Marphy, C.M. (1994). Required financial statement disclosures: purposes, subject, number, and trends. Division of Research, Harvard Business School.
  • Binh,T.Q. (2012). Voluntary Disclosure Information in the Annual Reports of Non Financial Listed Companies: The Case of Vietnam. Journal of Applied Economics and Business Research JAEBR, 2(2): 69-90.
  • (2003). “How to Assess the Quality of Voluntary Disclosures: An index to measure stakeholder reporting and social accounting across Italy and U.S.” Journal of Accounting and Financial Research”, n.1.
  • Bose, S and et al. (2017). Non- financial Disclosure and Market- Based Firm performance: The Intitiation of Finacial Inclusion. Journal of Contemporary Accounting & Economics. pp. 1-52.
  • C. A. (1997). Disclosure Level and the Cost of Equity Capital. The Accounting Review,72, 323-349.
  • Brockett, A., Rezaee, Z. (2013). Corporate Sustainability: Integrating Performance and Reporting. John Wiley and Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ.
  • Buzby, S. L. (1974). Selected Items of Information and Their Disclosure in Annual Reports. The Accounting Review,49, 423-435.
  • CERF, R. A. (1961). Corporate Reporting and Investment Decisions, Berkeley, CA, University of California Press.
  • Chauvey, J.N., Giordano-spring, S., Cho, C.H., Patten, D.M. (2015). The normativity and legitimacy of CSR disclosurs: Evidence from France.J.Bus. Ethics.130(4), 789-803.
  • Cho, C.H., Guidry, R.P., Hageman, A.M., Patten, D.M. (2012). Do actions speak louder than words? An empirical investigation of corporate environmental reputation. Account. Organ. Soc. 37 (1), 14–25.
  • Cho, C.H., Patten, D.M. (2007). The role of environmental disclosures as tools of legitimacy: a research note. Account. Organ. Soc. 32 (7–8), 639–647.
  • Chow, C. W. & Wong-Boren, A. (1987). Voluntary financial disclosure by Mexican corporation. The Accounting Review,62, 533-541.
  • Clarkson, P.M., Fang, X., Li, Y., Richardson, G.D. (2013). The relevance of environmental disclosures: are such disclosures incrementally informative? J. Account. Public Policy 32 (5), 410–431.
  • Clarkson, P.M., Li, Y., Richardson, G. D., Vasvari, F.P. (2008). Revisiting the relation brtween environmental performance and environmental disclosure an empirical analysis account. Organ. Soc. 33(4-5), 303-327.
  • Clarkson, P.M., Overell, M.B., Chapple, L. (2011). Environmental reporting and its relation to corporate environmental Abacus 47 (1), 27–60.
  • Cooke, T.E. (1989). Voluntary corporate disclosure by Swedish companies. Journal of International Financial Management and Accounting, 1, 171-195.
  • De Villiers, C., van Staden, C.J. (2006). Can less environmental disclosure have a legitimising effect? Evidence from Africa. Organ. Soc. 31 (8), 763–781.
  • Deegan, C. (2002). Introduction: the legitimizing effect of social and environmental disclosures – a theoretical foundation. Audit. Account. J. 15 (3), 282–311.
  • Diamond, D. W., & Verrecchia, R. E.M. (1991). Disclosure, Liquidity, and the cost of capital. The Journal of Finance, 46(4), 1325-1359.
  • Eccles, R., Ioannou, I., & Serafeim, G. (2014). The impact of corporate sustainability on organizational processes and performance. Management Science, 60(11), 2835–2857.
  • Elkington, J. (1998). Cannibals with Forks: The Triple Botton Line of 21st Century Business. (Gabriola Island, BC).
  • Engida, T. G. & et al. (2018). Measuring corporate sustainability performance- the case of Eropean food and beverage companies, 1-28.
  • Francis, J. R., Khurana, I. K., & Pereira, R. (2005). Disclosure incentives and effects on cost of capital around the world. The Accounting Review, 80(40), 1125-1162.
  • Freeman, R. (1984). Strategic Management: A Stakeholder Perspective. Prentice-Hall, New Jersey.
  • Hassan, O., Giorgioni, G., & Romilly, P. (2006). The Extent of Accounting Disclosure and its Determinants in an Emerging Capital Market: the Case of Egypt. International Journal of Accounting Auditing and Performance Evaluation, 3(1): 41-67.
  • Ho, S.S.M., & Wong, K.S. (2001). A study of the relationship between corporate governance structures and the extent of voluntary disclosure. Journal of International Accounting, Auditing and Taxation, 10(2001), 139-156.
  • Hummel, H., & Ratzel, P. (2019). Mandating the sustainability disclosure in annual reports- Evidence from the United Kingdom. Schmalenbach Bus Rev of Springer.
  • Hummel, K., Schick, C. (2016). The relationship between sustainability sustainability performance and sustainability disclosure- Reconciling voluntary disclosure theory and legitimac theory. Journal of Accounting and Public Policy. 35(5), 455-476.
  • Jain, A., Jain, P. K., & Rezaee, Z. (2016). Value-relevance of corporate social responsibility: Evidence from short selling. Journal of Management Accounting Research, 28(2), 29-52.
  • Jain, P.K., Jain, A., Rezaee, Z. (2013). Investment implications of environmental, social, governance sustainability disclosures: evidence from short selling. Presented at the 2013 Financial Management Association Annual Meeting.
  • Jitmaneeroj, B. (2016). Reform priorities for corporate sustainability: environmental, social, governance, or economic performance?. Management Decision 54 (6);27-39.
  • Khan, M., Serafeim, G., & Yoon, A. (2016). Corporate materiality. The Accounting sustainability: First evidence on Review, 91(6), 1697-1724.
  • Kiron, D., Kruschwitz, N., Haanaes, K., Reeves, M., Fuisz-Kehrbach, S. K., & Kell, G. (2015). Joining forces: Collaboration and leadership for sustainability. MIT Sloan Management Review, 56(3), 1-31.
  • Kosajan, V. & et al. (2018). The design and application of a government environmental information disclosure index in china. Journal of cleaner production, 1-24.
  • Lang, M., & Lundholm, R. (2000). Voluntary disclosure and eguity offerings: Reducing information asymmetry or hyping the stock? Contemporary Accounting Research, 17(4), 623.
  • Larrinaga, C., Carrasco, F., Correa.C., Llena, F., Moneva, J.M. (2002). Accountability and accounting regulation: the case of the Spanish environmental disclosure standard. Eur. Account. Rev.11(4), 723-740.
  • Li, X., & Yang, H.I. (2016). Mandatory financial reporting and voluntary disclosure: The effect of mandatory IFRS adoption on management forecasts. The Accounting Review, 91(3), 933-953.
  • Maali, B., Casson and Napier. (2006). Social reporting by Islamic banks. Abacus42(2): 266-289.
  • Maizatulakma, A., Noradiva, H., Mohd Helmi, H., Ming- Lang, T., & Matthew, B. (2019). The Southeast Asian Haze: the quality of environmental disclosures and firm performance. Journal of Cleaner Production, 1-23.
  • Maniora, J. (2017). Is integrated reporting really the superior mechanism for the integration of ethics into the core business model? An empirical analysis. Journal of Business Ethics, 140, 755–786.
  • Mathuva, D. (2012). The determinants of forward-looking disclosures in interm reports for non-financial firms: Evidence from a developing country. International Journal of Accounting and Financial Reporting2(2): pages125-141.
  • Meek, G. K., Roberts, C. B. & Gray, S. J. (1995). Factors influencing voluntary annual report disclosure by US, UK and Continental European multinational corporations. Journal of International Business Studies,26, 555-572.
  • Meek, G.K., Roberts, C.B., & Gray, S. J. (1995). Factors influencing voluntary annual disclosures by U.S., U.K., and continental European multinational corporations. Journal of International Business Studies, 26(3), 555-572.
  • Melegy, M. A., & Alain, A. M. M. (2019). Measuring the effect of disclosure quality of integrated business reporting on the predictive power of accounting information and firm value. Management Science Letters, 1377-1388.
  • Nalikka, A. (2012). Essays on Information Diclosure in Company Annual Reports.,(269).
  • Neumary, E. (2003). Weak Versus Strong Sustainability: Exploring the Limits of Two Opposing Paradigms. Edward Elgar, Northampton, MA, USA.
  • Ng, C., & Rezaee, Z. (2015).” Business sustainability performance and cost of equity capital”, Journal of Corporate Finance 34, 128–149.
  • O’Donovan, G. (2002). Environmental disclosures in the annual report: extending the applicability and predictive power of legitimacy theory. Account. Audit. Account. J. 15 (3), 344–371.
  • Omoloso, O., Wise, W.R., Mortimer, K., & Jraisat, L. (2020). Corporate sustainability disclosure: A leather industry perspective. Emerging Science Journal, Vol.4, No.1, 44-51.
  • Patten, D.M. (2002). The relation between environmental performance and environmental disclosure: a research note. Account. Soc. 27 (8), 763–773.
  • Rezaee, Z. (2017). Corporate Sustainability: Theoretical and Integrated Strategic Imperative and Pragmatic Approach. Journal of Business Inquiry: Research, Education & Application, 16(1).
  • Rezaee, Z., & Tuo, L. (2017a). Are the Quantity and Quality of Sustainability Disclosures Associated with the Innate and Discretionary Earnings Quality?. Journal of Business Ethics, 1-24. DOI 10.1007/s10551-017-3546-y
  • Rezaee, Z., & Tuo, L. (2017b). Voluntary disclosure of non-financial information and its association with sustainability performance. Advances in Accounting, 39, 47-59.
  • Rezaee,Z. (2016).“Business sustainability research: A theoretical and integrated perspective”, Journal of Accounting Literature 36 (2016) 48–64.
  • Sengupta, P. (1998). Corporate disclosure quality and the cost of debt. The Accounting Review, 73(4), 459-474.
  • Sethi, S.P. (1978). Advocacy advertising- the American experience. Calif. Manage. Rev. 21(1), 55-67.
  • Silva, S., Nuzum, A. K., & Schaltegger, S. (2019). Stakeholder expectations on sustainability performance measurement and assessment. A systematic literature review. Journal of Cleaner Production, 204-215.
  • Solow, R.M. (1986). on the intergenerational allocation of natural resources. Scaud.J.Econ. 8899(1), 141-149.
  • Staub-Bisang, M. (2012). Sustainable Investing for Institutional Investors: Risk Regulations and Strategies. John Wiley & Sons.
  • Varghese, R. (2011). Voluntary annual report disclosures of manaufacturing companies in India and their linkages with organisational demographics. South Asian journal of management : SAJM.- Hyderabad : AMDISA, ISSN 0971-5428, ZDB-ID 24461490. - Vol. 18.2011, 4, p. 23-43.
  • Wheeler, D., Colbert, B., Freeman, R. (2003). Focusing on value: reconciling corporate social responsibility, sustainability and a stakeholder approach in a network world. Journal of General Management. 28 (3), 1–28.
  • Williams, S.M. (1999). Voluntary Enviromental and Social Accounting Disclosure Practices in the Asia- Pracific Region: An International Empirical Test of Political Economy theory. The International Journal of Accounting, 34(2), 209-238.
  • Yongvanich , K. and Guthrie, J. (2004). Extended performance reporting framework: A Form of sustainability reporting. Working Papers, Macquarie Graduate School of Management.
  • Zhang, G. (2001). Private information production, public disclosure, and the cost of capital; Theory and implications. Contemporary Accounting Research, 18(3), 363-384.