نگرشی به بیم از دست دادن صاحبکار حسابرسان؛ با تأکید بر حسابرسی عملکرد مدیریت

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استاد گروه حسابداری، دانشکده حسابداری و مدیریت، دانشگاه علامه طباطبایی، تهران، ایران.

2 استاد گروه حسابداری، دانشکده علوم اقتصادی و اداری، دانشگاه مازندران، بابلسر، ایران.

3 دانشجوی دکتری حسابداری، دانشکده علوم اقتصادی و اداری، دانشگاه مازندران، بابلسر، ایران (نویسنده مسئول).

چکیده

این واقعیت که در عمل، مدیریت شرکت، قدرت استخدام و اخراج حسابرس را دارد و حق­الزحمه وی را می­پردازد،    به­همراه شکست­های اخیر حسابرسی، نگرانی­های منتقدان راجع به احتمال این­که حسابرس، تحت فشار، باب میل مدیریت شرکت عمل کند را افزایش داده است. در مطالعه حاضر تلاش شد تا با استفاده از دیدگاه­های خبرگان حرفه و دانشگاه و آزمون فریدمن، ضمن موشکافی از مشکلی که هم اکنون بسیاری از حسابرسان شاغل به آن اذعان دارند، ضمن تأکید بر حسابرسی عملکرد مدیریت، به شناسایی علل و راه­های علاج بیم از دست دادن صاحبکار حسابرسان پرداخته شود. نتایج بررسی­ها نشان داد که کم بودن تعداد صاحبکارها، گزینش حسابرس توسط مدیریت و تعدد موسسات حسابرسی کوچک، مهمترین علل ایجاد و افزایش بیم از دست دادن صاحبکار حسابرسان هستند. از سوی دیگر، ادغام موسسات حسابرسی کوچک و تشکیل موسسات بزرگ، ایجاد کمیته حسابرسی مستقل در شرکت و محدود سازی ایجاد موسسات حسابرسی جدید، مهمترین راه­های کاهش بیم از دست دادن صاحبکار حسابرسان می­باشند.
 
 

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

An Attitude to Auditor’s Fear of Losing the Client; Emphasizing on Management Performance Audit

نویسندگان [English]

  • Yahya Hassas Yeganeh 1
  • Esfandiar Malekian Kale Basti 2
  • Esmail Tavakolnia 3
1 Professor of Accounting, Faculty of Accounting and Management, University of Allame Tabatabaee, Tehran, Iran
2 Professor of Accounting, Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Iran
3 Ph.D. Student of Accounting, Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Iran (Corresponding Author)
چکیده [English]

The fact that firm’s management in practice has the power of hiring and dismissing the auditor and paying his/her fees, along with recent failures of auditing, has increased critics’ concerns on the possibility of auditor acting based on the management’s interest under pressure. Using the viewpoints of experts of the practice and university and Friedman's test, while analyzing the problem that many working auditors acknowledged it and emphasizing management performance audit, this study attempted to identify the causes and ways of treating auditors’ fear of losing clients. The results showed that the low number of clients, the selection of auditors by the management, and multiplicity of small audit firms are the main causes of increased auditors’ fear of losing clients. On the other hand, merging small audit firms and forming large audit firms, creating an independent audit committee in the firm, and restricting the creation of new audit firms are the most important ways of reducing fear of losing clients.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Fear of Losing the Client
  • Auditors Independence
  • Audit quality
  • Audit Firms
*       حساس یگانه، یحیی. (1393). فلسفه حسابرسی. تهران: انتشارات علمی و فرهنگی.
*       حیدری­نژاد، قدرت­اله و شکربیگی، سهراب. (1392). حسابرسی عملکرد؛ ضرورت­ها، چالش­ها و راه­کارها. مجموعه مقالات همایش ملی حسابداری و حسابرسی، دانشگاه سیستان و بلوچستان.
*       خاکی، غلامرضا. (1387). روش تحقیق با رویکردی به پایان نامه نویسی، تهران: انتشارات بازتاب.
*       کمیته تدوین استانداردهای حسابداری. (1396). آیین رفتار حرفه­ای. تهران: انتشارات سازمان حسابرسی.
*       مهدوی، غلامحسین و نویدرضا نمازی. (1390). رتبه بندی عوامل موثر بر خطر حسابرسی با استفاده از تکنیک TOPSIS. مجله دانش حسابرسی، 45، 28-50.
*       Alvin, A.A. and James, K.L. (1997). Auditing an integrated approach (6th). New Jersey 07458 American Institute of Certified Public Accountants. www.aicpa.com.
*       Anorld, D. F., Bernardi, R. A., and Neidermeyer, P. E. (1999). The Effect of Independence on Decisions Concerning Additional Audit Work: A European Perspective. Auditing: A Journal of Practice and Theory, 18 (2), 45-67.
*       Bamberger, M., Rugh, J. and Mabry, L. (2012). Real World evaluation: working under budget, time, data, and political constraints. 2nd ed. ed. Thousand Oaks, Calif.
*       Basioudis, I. G., Gul, F. A. and Ng, A. C. (2012). Non-Audit Fees, Auditor Tenure, and Auditor Independence (March 20, 2012). Available at SSRN: http://ssrn.com/abstract=2043311.
*       Beattie, V., Fearnley, S., and Brandt, R. (1999). Perceptions of Auditor Independence: UK Evidence. Journal of International Accounting, Auditing and Taxation, 8 (2), 67-107.
*       Blay, A. D. (2005). Independence Threats, Litigation Risk, and the Auditor’s Decision Process. Contemporary Accounting Research, 22 (4), 759-789.
*       Cameran, M., Annalisa, P. and Trombetta, M. (2016). Mandatory Audit Firm Rotation and Audit Quality. European Accounting Review, 25 (1), 3-37.
*       Chu, L., Dai, J. and Zhang, P. (2016). Auditor Tenure and Quality of Financial Reporting. Journal of Accounting, Auditing & Finance, In Press, doi: 10.1177/0148558X16665701.
*       Craswell, A. T., Francis, J.R. and Taylor, S.L. (1995). Auditor Brand Name Reputations and Industry Specializations. Journal of Accounting and Economics, 20 December 1995, 297-322.
*       Falk, H., Lynn, S., Mestelman, S., and Shehata, M. (1999). Auditor Independence, Self-Interested Behaviour and Ethics: Some Experimental Evidence. Journal of Accounting and Public Policy, 18 (4 & 5), 395-428.
*       Fearnley, S., Beattie, V., and Brandt, R. (2005). Auditor Independence and Audit Risk: A Reconceptualization. Journal of International Accounting Research, 4 (1), 39-71.
*       Goldman, A., and Barlev, B. (1974). The Auditor-Firm Conflict of Interests: It’s Implications for Independence. The Accounting Review, 49 (4), 707-718.
*       Hays, D.G. (2012). Singh AA. Qualitative inquiry in clinical and educational settings. New York: Guilford Press.
*       Hefer, J. (2009). The Perceptions of Registered Auditors: Ethical Problems and Experience, in Paliwal U L and Olivier M A (Eds.). Contemporary Issues in Accounting and Finance, University of Namibia, Windhoek.
*       Mbekomize, CH. J., and Hove, R. (2012). Audior’s Fear of Losing a Client: Views of Professional Accountants in the Cig Audit Firms in Botswana. The IUP Journal of Accounting Research & Audit Practices, 11 (4), 7-24.
*       Moore, D. A., Tetlock, P. E., Tanlu, L., and Bazerman, M. H. (2006). Conflict of Interests and the Case of Auditor Independence: Moral Seduction and Strategic Issue Cycling. Academy of Management Review, 31 (1), 10-29.
*       Moyes, G. D., and Anandarajan, A. (2006). CPAs’ Perceptions of Factors Influencing the Quality of Financial Statements Audits: Substandard Performance and Impaired Independence. Journal of Forensic Accounting, 1524-5586/VII, 133-162.
*       Onwuegbuzie, A.J., Jiao, Q.G. and Bostick, S.L. (2004). Library anxiety: Theory, research, and applications. Scarecrow Pr.
*       Park. S. H. (1990). Competition, Independence and Audit Quality: The Korean Experience. The International Journal of Accounting, 25, 71-86.
*       Public Oversight Board (2002). The Panel on Audit Effectiveness: Report and Recommendations. Public Oversight Board, Stamford, CT, available at http://www.pobauditpanel.org.
*       Ray, O.W. and Kurt, P. (2001). Principles of auditing and other assurance services, (13rd), published by Irwin/McGraw-Hill, New York.
*       Reiter, S. A., and Williams, P. F. (2004). The Philosophy and Rhetoric of Auditor Independence Concepts. Business Ethics Quarterly, 14 (3), 355-376.
*       Ronen, J. (2002). Post-Enron Reform: Financial-Statement Insurance and GAAP Re-Visited. Stanford Journal of Law, Business & Finance, 8 (1), 1-30.
*       Tackett, J., Wolf, F., and Claypool, G. (2004). Sarbanes-Oxley and Audit Failure: A Critical Examination. Managerial Auditing Journal, 19 (3), 340-350.
*       Tatum, M. (2011). Onhttp://www.wisegeek.com Edited by Bronwyn Harris. Last Modified: 19 April 2011.
*       Teoh, H. Y., and Lim, Ch. (1994). Perceptions of Auditor Independence: A Malaysian Study. Report Prepared for the Malaysian Institute of Accounts, April.
*       Veneranda, H. and Ferdinand, N. (2014). Operational audit and cost allocation on organizational performance in selected industries - Kigali, Rwanda. International Journal of Research in Social Sciences, 4 (2), 100-116.
*       Vitez, O. (2011). onhttp://www.wisegeek.com Edited by Jenn Walker. Last Modified: 27 May 2011.
*       Watts, R. and Zimmerman, J. (1986). Positive Accounting Theory, Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ.
*      Xu, Y. and Wang, K. J. (2008). Whither the Public Accounting as a Profession: Historical Lessons of Auditor Independence. Journal of Academy of Business and Economics, 8, 4, 127-136.